The folate story

Folate (aka folic acid or vitamin B9) is a vitamin crucial for a number of processes related to DNA production/repair and cell division/growth. Folate is naturally found in fruits, vegetables, and beans.

A number of years ago, researchers recognized that a lack of folate in pregnant mothers could contribute to defects of the spine and/or brain of their newborns (called neural tube defects). As a result, beginning in 1998 folic acid fortification of grain and cereal products became mandatory in the U.S. In addition, women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant often should receive folate supplementation to ensure adequate levels.

 
Most individuals receive enough folate in their diet. However, for women of childbearing age, individuals who consume large amounts of alcohol, and for individuals with celiac disease or other malabsorptive gastrointestinal disorders, it is important to ensure adequate levels of folate.

To read more: http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsweek/the-ups-and-downs-of-folic-acid-fortification.htm